Refractory brick arch for locomotive-boiler furnaces.



G. B. MOORE. REFRACTORY BRICK ARCH FOR LOGOMOTIVE BOILER FURNACES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1908. I 1,063,575 I Patented June 3, 1913.

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G .-B. MOORE. I REFRAOTORY BRICK ARCH FOR LOGOMOTIVB BOILER FURNACES.

APPLIUATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1908. i

1,063,575 Patented June 3,1913. I

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CHARLES BREARLEY MOOI RIE, 0F, EVANSTON, ILLINOIS, .ELSSIGNOR, BY MESNEASSIGN- MENTS, TO AMERICAN ARCH GOMPANY OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ACORPORATION 0F NEW Yuan.

REFRACTORY BRICK ARCH. FOR. LOCOMDTIVE-BOILER FURNACES.

resents.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 3, 11 313.

Application filed September 23, 1908. Serial No. 454,351.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that l, CnAIiLns BunAnnnr' Moore, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Evanston, Cool; ominty, Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful linprovements in Refractory Brick Archesfor Locomotive-Boiler Furnaces, of which the following is a full, clear,and exact descrip tion.

My invention. relates to innirovenients in locomotive boiler furnacesand has special reference to improvements in refractory ball'lcs ordeflecting walls, commonly ailed arches, for the lire boxe's oflocon'iotive boilers. I

This invention is akin to that which disclosed and claimed in mycopending application Serial No. @4348, filed of even date herewith.

The general objects of my ii'ivention are,

to provide an improved refractory arch which may be easily and quicklyinstalled in locomotive lire boxes; to provide an arch which shall be ofcomparatively light weight and low cost; to provide an arch. which shallbe adapted for easy repair. and parts of which may be I'Ql'l'lOVQtl toafford easy access to the fire box sides and line sheet; and to prov1dean arch of a form that will niatern ally assist in admixing and ignitingthe fire box gases and other combustibles.

The special object of-my invention is to provide an improved arch of thecharacter here outlined which shall be adapted for use in locomotivefire boxes that-are equipped with arch supporting tubes.

Still further objects of my invention will appear hereinafter. I

My invention consists in the seyeral i111- provements, the variousconstructions, and the combinations of parts, hereinafter set forth andparticularly pointed out in the appended claims; and will be readilyunderstood upon reference to the accompanying drawings in which I haveillustrated a structure which in'a preferred form cinbodies the severalfeatures of my invention. In. these drawings, which form apart of thisspecification: Figure 1 is a plan view of a tire box containing arefractory arch embodying one form of my invention, the crown sheet ofthe fire box being broken away to disclose the arch; Fig. 2 is asectional ,viewon the line X-,X of Fig. 1; Fig.

them before they pass into the fines.

is a sectional view on the line vYY of Fig. 2, viewed in the directionof the arrows; Fig. 4- is a sectional detail on the line ZZ of Fig. j

My invention may liccinbodied in arches of varying details ofconstruction and location in the lire box. 1 have herein confined theillustration of the invention to so-called refractory frontarches whichextend from side sheet to side sheet of the file box and.

which ractically abut the firebox line sheet, but desire that it shallbe understood that my invei'ition is not confined or liniited to thisspecific form of arch.

(i represents the grate of the fire box. The

rear sheet contains the fuel door 8. The lines 7 lead forward from theflue sheet.

9, 9 are suitablypositioned longitudinal arch supporting tubes, the samebeing in clined rearwardly and upwardly from the flue sheet 3. As usualtl'iey extend. from the lower part of the flue sheet to'the upper partof the rear sheet at and serve to increase the circulation of waterbetween the front and rear water legs of the boiler.

A so-called front arch usually occupies arr-inclined position in thefrontpart of the.

fire box, its lower end closely approaching or being in substantialabutment with the lower part of the llue sheet. Its cities is to preventthe direct How of the gases and coinbustible particles from the grate tothe lines and to force them toward the rear end and side sheets of thetire box and thus cause active combustion to take place throughout thelength of the fire box, the object being to insure the uniformdistributitui of the heat to the walls and crown sheet of the fire box.An arch or battle which is composed of refractory material-attains then'iaxiinum temperature of the fire boi; and performs the further officeof igniting gases and particles which might otherwise escape imconsumed.

A particular object of my invention is so to improve the arrangement andconstrue tion of refractory arches that the same shall better performthe function of diverting and admixing the gases and comhustibles withinthe'fire box and the function of ignition i tlns end I build my archesof a number of refractory parts so disposed or arranged as to present alarge superficial area or ignition surface and also to enhance both theretard .shapes, and assemble them in a way to secure these advantagesand others herein mentioned.

A special feature of my invention resides in a refractory arch whichoccupies an inclined position in the fire box, and is made up of twoprincipal kinds of bricks, the one kind being supporting bricks or spansthat are supported by the arch tubes 9 and which are separated byconsiderable spaces, and the other kind being cbver or panel bricks thatrest on the supporting bricks and'substantially and practically closethe spaces between them. Irrespective of the form of the top of an archof this construction, its under side obviously presents a plurality oisurfaces which occupy different planes and positions and form deflectingwalls and mixing cavities which are of such extent and capacity thatthey materially enhance combustion within the fire boXa As explainedhereinafter I add to the effectiveness of the panel supporting bricks orspans by extending them downwardly beneath the tubes that support them.I make thesupporting bricks, members, or spans, of sutlicient strengthto support their own weight and the weight of the superposed coverbricks. The sizes of the spans or supporting bricks and the dispositionthereof in the firebox are determined by the positions of and thedistances between their points of support in the fire box, 2'. e. thespacing of the arch tubes 9 and the distances between the sides of thebox and adjacent tubes. In all cases the several supporting and coverbricks, as herein shown, should be small enough to be handled easily,andwithout difliculty passed through the furnace door. As the cover orpanel bricks have no weight to support and are subjected to little, ifany, strain they may be both thin and light. Another reason for this isthat the cover bricks are farthe heavier supporting bricks which rest onthe tubes, and the cover or panel bricks, which are in a great measurerelieved from the scouring action of these particles, are practically aslong-lived as the supporting bricks.

In consequence of the employment of alternate light and heavy bricks,the total weight of an arm embodying my invention is considerably lessthan that of an ordinary arch of the same over-all dimensions. lieingmade up of small units or members my arches may be put up and taken downwith little expenditure of time and labor. Another advantage pertainingthereto is that the small, light, marginal bricks may be easily removedwhen work is to be done upon the side sheets or the flue sheet or thestay bolts of the fire box. Two other advantages are inherent to .thestructure described, namely; to a considerable degree, the arch isflexible, that is, being composed of parts which have small areas ofopposing contact one with another, it readily adjusts itself to thewalls of the fire box and to any movement thereof which is occasioned byvariations of temperature; and, second, the joints formed by theoverlapping supporting and cover bricks do not fuse to the extent whichcauses an ordinary arch soon to become substantially rigid mass orstructure. These features and advantages'are preserved in that form ofmy invention which is illustrated. in the several figures of theaccompanying drawings; wherein the bricks (1', o are the refractorysustaining spans or members which are first positioned upon the tubes 9in the fire box, and the refractory bricks Z) are the covers or panelswhich are later placed upon the supporting members. Several lines ofbricks o extend across the box and the panels likewise preferably extendfrom side to side of the box. In the particular form of arch here shownthe outer supporting members or carriers (1 rest. against the sidesheets 2 and upon the adjacent tubes, and each intermediate brick arests upon two tubes. As shown I prefer that there shall be more panels0 than spans a, the panels being narrower and breaking joints with thespan bricks. In short arches only two cross lines or series of thesupporting spans are necessary; in longer arches three and sometimesmore are used. Thus the arch herein shown has four such series or mainarch spans. In building this particular arch I first place a series ofbricks a upon the lower ends of the tubes and against or substantiallyagainst the flue sheet and then position the next series or main spin.higher up on the tubes and pa allel with the first. I then place thethin tlat bricks, slabs or panels upon these two supports to secure thesecond support in its proper relation to the flue sheet and close thespace between the two supports. Afterward the next span the sides of thefurnace preferably in such.

manner as to exert wedging force upon the intermediate bricks a, theopposite ends of which the inner ends of the bricks a preferably abut.The bricks a and a are indi- ,5 vidually wide enough to prevent themfrom rocking upon the tubes, (see Figs. 1 and 2.) The middle portion ofeachbrick or span a, a is of less length than the remainder of thebrick, and hangs or extends considerably below the tube and thus thedepending middle portions of the panel supporting bricks form a seriesof. t'ansverse" partial walls or battles upon the under side of the archand are transversely positioned in a manner best adapted to stop flyingparticles of fuel; and to break up the rapidly moving currents.0f gasesand deflect them toward the grate. As indicated in the drawings I preferthat the top of the arch shall be substantially flat and thereforearrange. the

bricks Z1 composing the top or cover pbrtion of the arch in such mannerthat they abut longitudinally As before stated each panel brick extendsfrom one supporting brick or span to the next above it, andthe ends ofthe panels substantially abut upon the tops of the spans. An advantageof this construction lies in the fact that the overlapping joints formedbetween the sup 4o'porting and the panel bricks protect the abuttingends of thc.pancls and the latter do not readily fuse together or to thesupporting bricks. Transverse shoulders 5 formed upon the under sides ofthe slabs 4 5 or panels serve as stops or supports for the transversemembers or spans a. In other words the panels act as spacers which holdthe several, transverse spans apart. The end or edge panel bricks 7)prt-zferably so engage the side sheets of the furnace, after the mannerof the bricks a the arch as a whole -being locked against movement withrespect to the side sheets orthe flue sheet. A special advantage of anarch of this con- 555 structioiji is that only a very small quantity orsurfaceof the fire brick engages the sheets of the fire box. practicallyall parts thereof being accessible Without removing the arch, and thesmall ren'iainder being an easy of access when the'margil'ial bricks areremoved. Obviously the bulk or quantity ofrefractory material is lessthan that man ordinary arch, and compared with the latter thesuperficial area of my arch is much in-' as creased, both of whichfactors'insure the quick and clt'cctive ignition of the gases andcombustiblcs that in'ipinge upon the arch when it hot.

Although i have herein shown supportint;- members or spans of the kindadapted. to the peculiar arrangement of arch tubes disclosed. it isobvious that my invention admits of other arrangements of such tubes andthat the shapes and relations of both the spans and the cover bricks maybe considerably modified without departing from the spirit of myinvention. Therefore I do not confine the invention to the specificstructure herein shown and described.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent:

1. A locomotive boiler firebox having: a plurality of arch tubes, inconibination with a refractory arch body resting on said tubes, saidbody comprising spans which. extend between and rest on said tubes. sa dspans beingulisposcd in spaccd-apart rows, and

panel or cover bricks which rest on saidspans space the same apart andclose the spaces between the rows thereof, and said spans being providedwith a plurality of transverse depending portions opening from thetubes, substantially as described.

2. A locomotive boiler. firebox having a plurality of inclined archtubes. in com bination with a refractory arch body resting upon saidtubes. said body comprising a. plurality of rows of refractory spansspaced apart on said tubes and presenting a plurality of transverse,vertical portions dependingbetween said arch tubes, and rows of thinbricks which rest upon, extend between, and close thespaccs between saidrows of spans, substantially as described.

3. A locomotive boiler firebox having a plurality of arch tubes. incombination with transverse rows oi" span bricks supported by anddepending, from and between said arch. tubes, and u pluratitv'of archtop forming bricks in turn supported by said span bricks and closing!the openings .between the rows thereof from sidcto side of thctirebox,-substantially as described.

4-. A locomotive boiler lircbox having a plurality of arch tubes. in(\')llll)lil2lll()ll with a plurality-of transverse rows of bricksspaced apart upon and depending from and between said arch tubes and aplurality of arch top forming bricks, through the me dium of saidtransverse bricks being also supported by said arch tubes, said topforming bricks closingthe spaces between said transverse bricks andhaving transverse shoulderson their undcrsidcs. which serve as stops andspacers for said transverse lm'icks, substantially :s described,

In a locomotive firebox arch two transversely arranged andlongitudinally spaced refractory arch spans each composed of a &

plurality of individual span bricks arranged end to end and each brickadapted to be supported by two firebox arch tubes, in combination with aplurality of panel bricks supported at the ends by said spans, closingthe space between them and therewith completing the arch, substantiallyas described.

6. In a locomotive firebox having arch tubes an arch composed ofrefractory bricks, comprising a plurality of, spaced, parallel archspans each made up ofseveral individual span bricks-each formed to spanfrom one arch tube to another and having a portion depending between thearch tubes, and a refractory arch top resting upon and closing thespaces between said spans, substantially .as described.

7. A locomotive boiler firebox containing arch tubes in combination withan arch comprising a plurality of refractory spans each composed ofseveral bricks having their ends transversely of the fire box inabutment upon said tubes, said spans being longitudinally spaced aparton said. tubes and a-substantially imperforate refractory. covering orarch top resting upon said spans and coextensive therewith,substantially as de-' scribed.

8. A locomotive boiler firebox in combination With a plurality ofinclined arch tubes therein,apluralitzy of transverse bricks arranged onsaid tubes and spanning from tube to tube and each brick having aportion depending from the tubes, panel bricks spacing the firstmentioned bricks apart upon said tubes and means preventing lateralmovement of the first mentioned bricks upon said tubes, substantially asdescribed.

9. A locomotive boiler firebox containing inclined arch tubes incombination with a plurality of parallel spans each composed of severalrefractory bricks which rest upon said tubes and have portions whichdepend therefrom, said spans being spaced apart upon said tubes, and acovering of refractory material resting on and supportedby saidspans,-said spans and covering forming an arch ha ing a cavitied bottompresenting variously positioned deflecting surfaces, substantially asdescribed.

10. locomotive boiler firebox containing arch-supporting tubes. incombination with several elongated bricks arranged in transverse rowsspaced apart upon said tubes, having their ends supported by respectivetubes, and bottom portions extending between the tubes, and a coveringof thin refractory bricks resting on said elongated bricks and therewithcompleting a substan tially imperforate arch, substantially asdescribed.

11. A locomotive boiler firebox .in combination with a plurality ofinclined arch tubes therein,refractory spans disposedupon said tubes andspaced apart longitudinally thereon, each said spans comprising a.number of separate bricks of lengths substantially corresponding to thespacing of said tubes, and each brick having a portion extending betweenrespective tubes, and a refractory covering extending between andresting upon said spans, said covering being substantially coextensivewith said spans and composed of a greater number of separate bricks,substantially as described.

12. A locomotive boiler firebox containing a plurality of inclined archtubes in combination with a plurality of refractory span bricks bridgingsaid tubes and resting thereon and an arch top composed of panel brickssupported by said span bricks and spacing them apart, said brickstogether completing a substantially imperforatc arch body and certain ofsaid span bricks being provided with gas deflector portions disposedtransversely of the firebox and depending from the tubes, substantiallyas described.-

13. A locomotive boiler fire box containing arch tubes and a pluralityof transverse rows of refractory bricks hmgitudinally spaced in the tirebox, each transverse row comprisil'lg a plurality of bricks resting uponand depending from said arch tubes, and av plurality of arch top bricksresting on said transverse rows of bricks and closing the spacestherebetween, substantially as described.

14. A locomotive boiler fire box having a group of arch tubes of lesswidth than the firebox longitudinally arranged therein, in

combination with a front arch arranged in the firebox, said front archcomprising several transverselyarranged rows of bricks longitudinallyspaced in the fire box, each said row comprising a plurality of bricks,certain of the intermediate bricks being sup ported by two arch tubesand having portions depending therefrom, and the outer bricks of eachrow having one end resting upon the tube, and the other end upon theside sheet, and a plurality of refractory bricks resting upon twoadjacent rows of the transverse bricks holding the same in proper spacedrelation and closing the space therebetween, as and for the purposespeci- In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, this 19th dayof September, 1908, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' CHAR-LES BREARLEY MOORE.

Witnesses CHARLES GILBERT TIAWLEY, JOHN R. Lnrnvnn.

